Easy humanities

  Meaning of Agro-Based Industries: Agro-based industries need a special mention since their importance in the Indian context gets further enhanced because of the following factors: (a) Agro-based industries are comparatively easy to establish and provide income in the rural areas with less investment. (b) These industries facilitate effective and efficient utilisation of agricultural raw materials. (c) Agro-based industries transmit an industrial – culture in rural areas thus bringing about modernisation and innovation in agriculture itself. (d) Some of the agro-based industries like processed food and food preparations have tremendous export potential. (e) Agro-based industries can be set up on co-operative basis ensuring participation of the people in the development process. In view of the above, and further in view of the fact that the agriculture is mixed in what has been called a ‘green reaction’ (characterised by mediocre growth, the stagnation of yields and persistent instabil

  New industrial policy Meaning – govt. action to influence the ownership & structure of the industry and its performance. It includes procedures, principles, policies, rules and regulations, in­centives and punishments, the tariff policy, the labour policy, government’s attitude towards foreign capital, etc. Objectives §   to maintain a sustained growth in productivity; §   to enhance gainful employment; §   to achieve optimal utilisation of human resources; §   to attain international competitiveness; and §   to transform India into a major partner and player in the global arena.   Timeline of industrial policy reform   Industrial Policy Resolution, 1948 It declared the Indian economy as Mixed Economy Strategic Industries (Public Sector):  It included three industries in which Central Government had monopoly. These included Arms and ammunition, Atomic energy and Rail transport. Basic/Key Industries (Public-cum-Private Sector

   A SEZ is an area in which the economic regulation are different  from the rest of country . ·          SEZ are special duty-free area & deemed to be foreign territory for purpose of trade operations , duties & tarrifs. ·          These areas have developed infrastructure , liberal economic policy   & concession tax rates for the firms . ·          Traditionally the biggest deterrents to foreign investment in India have been high tariffs & taxes , red tape & strict laws . the SEZ regulations tend to be conducive to foreign direct investment . ·          SEZ policy was introduced to india in 2000. Prior to SEZ, india relied on export processing zones (EPZ) which failed to make an impact on foreign investors. ·          To instill confidence in investors & signal the govt’s commitment to a stable SEZ policy regime the special economic zones act, 2005. Was passed by parliament in may 2005 . ·          SEZ can be applied by : o    Pulic/state governm