Easy humanities

HISTORY OF THE MOGHUL EMPIRE Babur in Kabul: 1504-1525 Babur, founder of the Moghul dynasty in India, is one of history's more endearing conquerors. In his youth he is one among many impoverished princes, all descended from Timur, who fight among themselves for possession of some small part of the great man's fragmented empire. Babur even captures Samarkand itself on three separate occasions, each for only a few months. The first time he achieves this he is only fourteen. What distinguishes Babur from other brawling princes is that he is a keen oberver of life and keeps a diary. In it he vividly describes his triumphs and sorrows, whether riding out with friends at night to attack a walled village or mooning around for unrequited love of a beautiful boy.  Babur's 'throneless times', as he later describes these early years, come to an end in 1504 when he captures Kabul. Here, at the age of twenty-one, he is able to establish a settled court and to enj

The  mutiny and great revolt of 1857–59 When soldiers of the Bengal army mutinied in Meerut on May 10, 1857, tension had been growing for some time. The immediate cause of military disaffection was the deployment of the new breech-loading Enfield rifle, the cartridge of which was purportedly greased with pork and beef fat. When Muslim and Hindu troops learned that the tip of the Enfield cartridge had to be bitten off to prepare it for firing, a number of troops refused, for religious reasons, to accept the ammunition. These  recalcitrant  troops were placed in irons, but their comrades soon came to their rescue. They shot the British officers and made for Delhi, 40 miles (65 km) distant, where there were no British troops. The Indian garrison at Delhi joined them, and by the next nightfall they had secured the city and Mughal fort, proclaiming the aged titular Mughal emperor,  Bahādur Shah II, as their leader. There at a stroke was an army, a cause, and a national leader—the

Mahatma Gandhi's role in the national movement                                                                                                                         Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was a prominent leader of the pre-independence era. He is best known as 'Father of the nation' & 'Bapu'. From 1919-1947, these times are called Gandhi period. During in this period, when India attained independence, Gandhi remained the foremost leader of the national movement. 'Satyagraha' or passive civilian resistance & 'Ahinsa' or non-violence was the unique weapons of Indian national movement. Under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, the three major mass movements - Non-cooperation, Civil disobedience & Quit India was launched for the attainment of Indian independence. The movements brought millions of people & made them conscious of their rights. Non-cooperation movement The non-cooperation movement (Asahayog Andolan) was

THE ROMAN EMPIRE                                                                                                                                                       ROME HISTORY                                   LOCATION The term Ancient Rome refers to the city of Rome, which was located in central Italy; and also to the empire it came to rule, which covered the entire Mediterranean basin and much of western Europe. At its greatest extent in stretched from present-day northern England to southern Egypt, and from the Atlantic coast to the shores of the Persian Gulf. Rome’s location in central Italy placed it squarely within the Mediterranean cluster of civilizations. The most famous of these was that of the  Ancient Greeks , but others included those of the Phoenicians, the Carthaginians and the  Etruscans , plus several lesser-known peoples such as the Lycians. The civilization of Ancient Rome was rooted, directly or indirectly, in all these earlier culture. In its early cent